Main scientific results by INP BSU staff in 2006 in the area of fundamental scientific research
- A mockup of volume free electron laser (VFEL-250) was built in 3-cm wavelength range. Radiation in the range of 8,3-8,6 GHz was generated with ~10 kW output in grid resonator having variable number of threads in perpendicular cross-section. Energy of electron beam lied in the range 200-250 keV. Experimental study of parameters was made, that allow tuning of frequency in VFEL for electron energies of 200-250 keV and magnetic field magnitude 1,1-1,7 T.
- An effective method of deflection of fast charged particles by bent crystals was developed for study of possibility of LHC beam halo cleaning at the stage of luminosity upgrade.
- A theory was developed which describes the accretion of relativistic cosmological plasma on primordial black holes, that are predicted by theories with additional spatial dimension. New, essentially more strict constraints were found on initial mass PBH fraction in theories with additional spatial dimension (compared with previously existing). These constraints are based on the data of measurement of intensity of diffusion cosmic gamma background, excess of antiprotons and also on the data of primordial nucleosynthesis and residual ionisation of hydrogen.
- A method of manufacturing of monomolecular source of coherent radiation in terahertz wavelength range was proposed for the first time (monomolecular running wave lamp, free electron nanolaser) based on Cherenkov and oscillatory mechanism of development of radiative instability. Development of such sources will lead to their use as basic elements of nanoelectronics, and also lets locally irradiate micro- and nano-objects which are studied and processed.
- A theory of scattering of quantum light by a single quantum dot was developed. It takes into account effects of local field. Amplitude of forward scattering was calculated. It was shown that this amplitude is an operatorin the space of quantum states of light, which means that quantum statistics of light is transformed during its interaction with quantum dot. Specifically, physical amplitudes of scattering for coherent and incoherent components of light are different. These results open an opportunity to implement of essentially new quantum oplical applicanies and devices based on nanostructured artificial materials.
Main scientific results by INP BSU staff in 2005 in the area of fundamental scientific research
- For the first time X-ray radiation with tuned frequency was generated in experiment. The result was obtained using low energy electrons in crystals. The development of X-ray sources with tuned frequency is aimed into use in therapy of cancer and mammography.
- For the first time it was shown, that the possibility of capture of primordial black holes by stars in spherical star clusters increases my billions of times compared to absorption of black holes by stars in Galaxy. New constraints on the abundance of primordial black holes were obtained in the model of the Universe with additional dimension and on its size. Absorption of cosmological background with dominating radiation by primordial black holes was described in the framework of model of the Universe with additional dimensions. The obtained results are important for solution of problem of birth and evolution of the Universe.
- Experimental studies of deuteron spin rotation in homogeneous isotropic medium were continued. In April 2005 an experiment was carried out jointly with a group of scientists from COSY in University of Cologne on study of interaction of beam of polarised deuterons with unpolarised carbon target. The experiment was carried out to check of possibility of use of experimental setup for study of this phenomenon.
- For the first time a physically consistent procedure of quantization of electromagnetic field which interacts with quantum dot (QD) was proposed. As a result it was shown, that nonclassical light can not be described as photons when interacting with QD. Instead, it is a new type of quasi-particles (bound states of photons and excitons of QD). For the first time a new type of optical dispersion - dispersion of photon states of light in QD systems was predicted. The effect provides an opportunity to manage quantum-statistical properties of light, that opens new possibilities in implementation of optical computers and nanosize systems of quantum informatics.
- A theory of nanoantenna based on carbon nanotube was developed. A modification of nanosize antenna based on toroidal carbon nanotube was proposed. This antenna is a source of magnetodipole radiation and is an analog of macroscopic frame loop. Eventually a class of effective nanoantennas was proposed, which covers a wide range of frequencies from terahertz to ultraviolet. Application of this result is in particular related with intensive use of terahertz range.